Vpn (Virtual Private Network)
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A. Pengertian VPN
Virtual Private Network atau yang kita kenal dengan VPN adalah sebuah koneksi private melalui internet, virtual network berarti jaringan yang terjadi hanya bersifat virtual private yaitu jaringan yang terbentuk bersifat private dimana tidak semua orang bisa mengaksesnya. Data yang dikirimkan terenkripsi sehingga tetap rahasia meskipun melalui jaringan publik. Jika menggunakan VPN kita seolah-olah membuat jaringan didalam jaringan atau biasa disebut tunnel. VPN menggunakan salah satu dari tiga teknologi tunneling yang ada yaitu: PPTP, L2TP dan standar terbaru, Internet Protocol Security (biasa disingkat menjadi IPSec). VPN merupakan perpaduan antara teknologi tunneling dan enkripsi.
B. Fungsi VPN
1. Kerahasiaan
Teknologi VPN memiliki sistem kerja mengenkripsi semua data yang lewat melaluinya. Dengan adanya teknologi enkripsi ini, maka kerahasiaan Anda menjadi lebih terjaga. Walaupun ada pihak yang dapat menyadap data Anda, namun belum tentu mereka bisa membacanya dengan mudah karena memang sudah diacak. Dengan menerapkan sistem enkripsi ini, tidak ada satupun orang yang dapat mengakses dan membaca isi jaringan data Anda dengan mudah.
2. Keutuhan Data
Ketika melewati jaringan Internet, data Anda sebenarnya sudah berjalan sangat jauh melintasi berbagai negara. Di tengah perjalanannya, apapun bisa terjadi terhadap isinya. Baik itu hilang, rusak, bahkan dimanipulasi isinya oleh orang-orang yang iseng. VPN memiliki teknologi yang dapat menjaga keutuhan data yang Anda kirim agar sampai ke tujuannya tanpa cacat, hilang, rusak, ataupun dimanipulasi oleh orang lain.
3. Autentikasi Sumber
Teknologi VPN memiliki kemampuan untuk melakukan autentikasi terhadap sumber-sumber pengirim data yang akan diterimanya. VPN akan melakukan pemeriksaan terhadap semua data yang masuk dan mengambil informasi source datanya. Kemudian alamat source data ini akan disetujui jika proses autentikasinya berhasil. VPN menjamin semua data yang dikirim dan diterima oleh Anda berasal dari sumber yang semestinya. Tidak ada data yang dipalsukan atau dikirimkan oleh pihak-pihak lain.
C. Cara Kerja VPN
VPN membutuhkan sebuah server yang berfungsi sebagai penghubung antar PC. Server VPN ini bisa berupa komputer dengan aplikasi VPN Server atau sebuah Router.
Untuk memulai sebuah koneksi, komputer dengan aplikasi VPN Client mengontak Server VPN. VPN Server kemudian memverifikasi username dan password dan apabila berhasil maka VPN Server memberikan IP Address baru pada komputer client dan selanjutnya sebuah koneksi akan terbentuk.
Selanjutnya komputer client bisa digunakan untuk mengakses berbagai resource (komputer atau LAN) yang berada dibelakang VPN Server misalnya melakukan transfer data, ngeprint dokument, browsing dengan gateway yang diberikan dari VPN Server, melakukan remote desktop dan lain sebagainya.
Demikian penjelasan tentang VPN. Jika Anda tertarik untuk menggunakannya, VPN ini juga bisa Anda manfaatkan untuk internet secara gratis. Silahkan kunjungi situs penyedia VPN gratis dan pelajari di berbagai tempat untuk cara menggunakannya.
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